The Fall Feasts of Israel

The Seven Feasts of Moses

The Torah—the five books of Moses—details seven feasts during the Hebrew calendar: ¹

Three feasts are in the spring, in the month of Nisan: Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and the Feast of First Fruits.

Fifty days later there is the Feast of Weeks, Shavuot, also known as Pentecost.

There are three remaining feasts in the fall, in the month of Tishri: the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), and the Feast of Tabernacles.

(There are two reckonings of the Hebrew year: the civil year starts in the fall on the 1^st of Tishri; the religious calendar starts in the spring in the month of Nisan.² )

Their Prophetic Role

While each of these feasts has a historical commemorative role, each also has a prophetic role. Jesus indicated this in Matthew 5:17:

Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill.

Paul also emphasized that in Romans 15:4:

For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning. . .

The prophetic role of the feasts is also highlighted in Colossians 2:16 and 17:

Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days: which are a shadow of things to come . . .

The Feast of Trumpets

The Jewish New Year (Rosh Hoshana), along with the Feast of Trumpets, begins on the 1^st of Tishri which, this year, is September 30^th. Immediately following the Feast of Trumpets begins the seven Days of Affliction, in anticipation of the Day of Atonement, or Yom Kippur.

Yom Kippur

Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement,³ is observed on the 10^th of Tishri, or October 9^th of this year. This day was a day of sin offerings and numerous other rituals as it was the most solemn of all the observances.

This was the day—the only day—that the High Priest was able to enter the Holy of Holies,⁴ and then only after elaborate ceremonial washings, offerings, and associated rituals.

This was also the day that two goats were selected, one for an offering and one as the “scapegoat.”⁵ (The lottery box, used to select which goat was to serve in which capacity, has been fashioned for service in the forthcoming Temple, and may be seen during a visit to the Temple Institute in Jerusalem today.)

As many aspects of the feasts were prophetic, the scapegoat is also Messianic.⁶

Even the seven days preceding, the Days of Affliction, are an affliction of preparation, suggestive of the threshing floor, which is also a prophetic idiom.⁷

Since the loss of the Temple in 70 A.D., the God-centered observances of the Torah have tragically been replaced with a man-centered, good works system of appeasement through prayer, charity, and penitence.

However, it appears that a return to the traditional ways is on the horizon with the plans to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem.⁸

Although we know that we have been freed from the Law and the “observances” of new moons, feasts etc., there is still value in understanding the roots of the Feasts. And if they can be used for edification and growth for the Christian, then why not take advantage of these so-called “rehearsals”?

Instead of approaching New Years in the way our culture puts it forth, why not take the time to reflect on the past year and during the Days of Awe ask the Holy Spirit to assist you in evaluating your walk. Give Him control and allow Him to free you from the things that can so easily entangle you. And visualize Jesus as the Lamb and Scapegoat that is a part of Yom Kippur.

Now concerning the prophetic angle, consider the fact that “the rapture” is clearly associated with the sound of the trumpet, as can be seen by reading the following Scriptures:

For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God; and the dead in Christ shall rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air...

I Thessalonians 4:16-17

Behold, I tell you a mystery; we shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet; for the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed.”

I Corinthians 15:51-52

Succoth (The Feast of Tabernacles)

Five days later, on the 15^th of Tishri (October 14^th this year) is the final feast of the year: Succoth, the Feast of Tabernacles, or the Feast of Booths. This lasts for eight days and is one of the three feasts that were compulsory for all Jewish males.⁹

It is fascinating to visit Israel at this time and observe them build their temporary “booths” in the traditional way, leaving deliberate gaps in the branches to view the stars at night, and for the wind to blow through during the day. This is intended to remind them of the wilderness wanderings.

At the end of the eight days, they leave their temporary dwellings to return to their permanent homes. (This is one of the reasons some suspect that this feast, rather than the Feast of Trumpets, is suggestive of the Rapture of the Church. Also, there appears to be a hint by Peter, desiring to build “succoths” at the transfiguration.¹⁰)

This day, traditionally, is the day that Solomon dedicated the first Temple.

This feast also involved a daily processional to the Pool of Siloam to fetch water for the Temple. This ceremonial procession is the setting for the events of John 7, where Jesus offers them “living water.”¹¹

This procession involved four types of branches: the willow, the myrtle, the palm, and a citrus.¹² The willow has no smell and no fruit. The myrtle has smell, but no fruit. The palm has no smell, but bears fruit. The citrus has both smell and bears fruit. This sounds reminiscent of the four soils of the first “kingdom parable” of Matthew 13, doesn’t it?¹³

The prophetic implications of this climactic feast are many. Most scholars associate it with the establishment of the Millennial Kingdom in Israel.¹⁴ This can be seen as a time for resting and rejoicing, giving a glimpse of Yeshua on the Mercy Seat reigning and fulfilling the promise that Gabriel gave to Mary.

And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God. And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David: And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.

Luke 1:30-33

In Summary

Most observers note that the first three feasts, in the first month of the religious year—Passover, Feast of Unleavened Bread, and Feast of First Fruits—are prophetic of the Lord’s First Coming. They each were also fulfilled on the day they were observed.

Between these three feasts and the final three feasts is the Feast of Weeks, or Pentecost, which is predictive of the Church. (It is also the only feast in which leavened bread is ordained!)

It is believed that the last three feasts, in the seventh month, are prophetic of the Lord’s Second Coming. That is why many are particularly watchful in the fall of each year.

For more background, review our briefing package, The Feasts of Israel.